:root {
--blue: #517EF4;
--yellow: #FDE401;
--white: #FAFAFA;
--pale-blue: #EBF3FE;
--gray: #CBD2DC;
--black: #111111;
--text: #1D2733;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  }

body {
margin: 0;
background: var(--white);
color: var(--text);
font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Arial, sans-serif;
line-height: 1.65;
}

/* Top navigation */

.site-header {
background: var(--white);
border-bottom: 4px solid var(--black);
position: sticky;
top: 0;
z-index: 100;
box-shadow: 0 5px 0 var(--yellow);
}

.top-nav {
max-width: 1180px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 0.7rem 1rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 1.2rem;
}

.brand {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.7rem;
color: var(--black);
text-decoration: none;
font-weight: 900;
font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.brand img {
width: 52px;
height: 52px;
object-fit: contain;
border: 3px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 50%;
background: white;
}

.nav-tabs {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: flex-end;
gap: 0.45rem;
}

.nav-tabs a {
background: var(--pale-blue);
color: var(--black);
text-decoration: none;
font-weight: 800;
padding: 0.55rem 0.85rem;
border: 2.5px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 999px;
box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 var(--gray);
}

.nav-tabs a:hover {
background: var(--yellow);
transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Main layout */

main {
max-width: 1180px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 2rem 1rem 3rem;
}

h1,
h2,
h3 {
line-height: 1.15;
color: var(--black);
}

h1 {
font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 7vw, 5rem);
}

h2 {
font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.8rem);
}

a {
color: var(--blue);
}

hr {
border: none;
border-top: 4px dashed var(--gray);
margin: 2.5rem 0;
}

/* Homepage hero */

.lab-hero {
background:
radial-gradient(circle at 12% 18%, rgba(253, 228, 1, 0.75) 0 9%, transparent 10%),
radial-gradient(circle at 88% 16%, rgba(81, 126, 244, 0.18) 0 13%, transparent 14%),
linear-gradient(135deg, var(--pale-blue), var(--white));
border: 5px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 32px;
padding: 3rem 2rem;
text-align: center;
box-shadow: 10px 10px 0 var(--gray);
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}

.lab-hero img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 240px;
  width: 70%;
  margin: 0 auto 1.5rem auto;
  background: white;
  border: 4px solid var(--black);
  border-radius: 28px;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  box-shadow: 8px 8px 0 var(--yellow);
}

.production-label {
display: inline-block;
margin: 1.4rem 0 0.6rem;
background: var(--yellow);
color: var(--black);
border: 3px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 999px;
padding: 0.45rem 1rem;
font-weight: 900;
letter-spacing: 0.08em;
text-transform: uppercase;
box-shadow: 4px 4px 0 var(--black);
}

.lab-hero h1 {
margin: 0.5rem 0;
color: var(--blue);
text-shadow: 3px 3px 0 var(--yellow), 5px 5px 0 var(--black);
text-transform: uppercase;
}

.tagline {
font-weight: 900;
font-size: 1.25rem;
color: var(--black);
}

.hero-description {
max-width: 780px;
margin: 1rem auto;
font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.button-row {
margin-top: 1.8rem;
}

.button {
display: inline-block;
margin: 0.35rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1.1rem;
background: var(--yellow);
color: var(--black);
border: 3px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 999px;
text-decoration: none;
font-weight: 900;
box-shadow: 4px 4px 0 var(--black);
}

.button:hover {
background: var(--blue);
color: white;
}

/* Section styling */

.section-title {
text-align: center;
margin-top: 3rem;
color: var(--black);
text-transform: uppercase;
}

.section-intro {
max-width: 850px;
margin: 0 auto 2rem;
text-align: center;
font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* Cards */

.card-grid,
.production-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(255px, 1fr));
gap: 1.4rem;
margin-top: 2rem;
}

.card,
.production-card,
.people-card {
background: white;
border: 4px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 24px;
padding: 1.4rem;
box-shadow: 7px 7px 0 var(--gray);
}

.card:hover,
.production-card:hover,
.people-card:hover {
box-shadow: 7px 7px 0 var(--yellow);
}

.card h3,
.production-card h3 {
color: var(--blue);
margin-top: 0;
}

.production-number {
display: inline-block;
background: var(--yellow);
color: var(--black);
border: 2.5px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 999px;
padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
font-weight: 900;
text-transform: uppercase;
font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.production-card a {
display: inline-block;
margin-top: 0.5rem;
font-weight: 900;
color: var(--black);
text-decoration: none;
border-bottom: 4px solid var(--yellow);
}

/* People page headshots */

.people-card {
display: grid !important;
grid-template-columns: 190px 1fr !important;
gap: 1.5rem !important;
align-items: start !important;
margin: 1.5rem 0 !important;
}

.people-headshot {
display: block !important;
width: 190px !important;
height: 190px !important;
min-width: 190px !important;
max-width: 190px !important;
min-height: 190px !important;
max-height: 190px !important;
aspect-ratio: 1 / 1 !important;
object-fit: cover !important;
object-position: center center !important;
border: 4px solid var(--black) !important;
border-radius: 50% !important;
background: var(--pale-blue) !important;
box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 var(--yellow) !important;
}

.people-info h3 {
margin-top: 0 !important;
color: var(--blue) !important;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 700px) {
.people-card {
grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
text-align: center !important;
}

.people-headshot {
margin: 0 auto !important;
}
}

/* Gallery */

.gallery-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(230px, 1fr));
gap: 1.3rem;
margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.gallery-grid div {
background: white;
border: 4px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 22px;
padding: 0.7rem;
box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 var(--gray);
}

.gallery-grid img {
width: 100%;
aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
object-fit: cover;
border: 3px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 16px;
background: var(--pale-blue);
}

.gallery-grid p {
text-align: center;
margin: 0.7rem 0 0.2rem;
font-weight: 900;
}

/* Footer */

.site-footer {
background: var(--pale-blue);
border-top: 5px solid var(--black);
padding: 2rem 1rem;
}

.footer-card {
max-width: 900px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: white;
border: 4px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 24px;
text-align: center;
padding: 1.4rem;
box-shadow: 7px 7px 0 var(--yellow);
}

.footer-card strong {
color: var(--blue);
font-size: 1.2rem;
}

/* Mobile */

@media screen and (max-width: 820px) {
.top-nav {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
}

.nav-tabs {
justify-content: center;
}

.nav-tabs a {
font-size: 0.9rem;
padding: 0.45rem 0.7rem;
}

.lab-hero {
padding: 2rem 1rem;
}
}

@media screen and (max-width: 700px) {
.people-card {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
text-align: center;
}

.people-headshot {
margin: 0 auto;
}
}

/* Clickable publication cards */

.publication-card-link {
color: inherit;
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
}

.publication-card-link .card {
height: 100%;
transition: transform 0.15s ease, box-shadow 0.15s ease;
}

.publication-card-link:hover .card {
transform: translateY(-3px);
box-shadow: 7px 7px 0 var(--yellow);
}

.publication-card-link:hover h3 {
color: var(--blue);
text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Scientist business-card layout for People page */

.scientist-card {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 300px 1fr;
gap: 1.8rem;
align-items: stretch;
background: white;
border: 4px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 28px;
margin: 2rem 0;
overflow: hidden;
box-shadow: 8px 8px 0 var(--gray);
}

.scientist-card:hover {
box-shadow: 8px 8px 0 var(--yellow);
}

.scientist-sidebar {
background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--pale-blue), var(--white));
border-right: 4px solid var(--black);
padding: 1.5rem;
text-align: center;
}

.scientist-sidebar .people-headshot {
width: 175px !important;
height: 175px !important;
min-width: 175px !important;
max-width: 175px !important;
min-height: 175px !important;
max-height: 175px !important;
display: block;
margin: 0 auto 1rem;
object-fit: cover;
border: 4px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--pale-blue);
box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 var(--yellow);
}

.scientist-name {
font-size: 1.65rem;
color: var(--blue);
margin: 0.5rem 0 0.25rem;
text-transform: uppercase;
line-height: 1.05;
}

.scientist-role {
display: inline-block;
background: var(--yellow);
border: 3px solid var(--black);
border-radius: 999px;
padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
font-weight: 900;
margin: 0.5rem 0 1rem;
box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 var(--black);
}

.scientist-affiliation {
font-size: 0.95rem;
margin: 0.35rem 0;
}

.scientist-links {
margin-top: 1rem;
}

.scientist-links .button {
margin: 0.25rem;
padding: 0.55rem 0.8rem;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.scientist-description {
padding: 1.8rem;
background:
radial-gradient(circle at 98% 8%, rgba(253, 228, 1, 0.28) 0 12%, transparent 13%),
white;
}

.scientist-description h3 {
color: var(--black);
margin-top: 0;
font-size: 1.55rem;
}

.scientist-description p {
font-size: 1.02rem;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 850px) {
.scientist-card {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.scientist-sidebar {
border-right: none;
border-bottom: 4px solid var(--black);
}
}
/* ==========================================================
   RESEARCH + PUBLICATIONS REDESIGN
   Append this entire block to the END of the root style.css
   ========================================================== */


/* ---------- Shared palette ---------- */

.research-v2-hero,
.research-v2-section,
.research-v2-publication-cta,
.publication-v2-hero,
.publication-v2-production,
.publication-v2-footer-card,
.publication-v2-jump-nav {
  --rp-blue: #0b5d80;
  --rp-cyan: #079fc9;
  --rp-site-blue: #517ef4;
  --rp-yellow: #fde401;
  --rp-ink: #111111;
  --rp-soft: #ebf3fe;
  --rp-gray: #cbd2dc;
  --rp-white: #ffffff;
}


/* ==========================================================
   RESEARCH PAGE
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-hero {
  background:
    radial-gradient(
      circle at 10% 12%,
      rgba(253, 228, 1, 0.55) 0 8%,
      transparent 8.4%
    ),
    radial-gradient(
      circle at 91% 18%,
      rgba(81, 126, 244, 0.16) 0 13%,
      transparent 13.4%
    ),
    linear-gradient(
      135deg,
      #eef6ff,
      #ffffff
    );

  border: 5px solid var(--rp-ink);
  border-radius: 30px;
  box-shadow: 9px 9px 0 var(--rp-gray);
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
  padding: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 3.4rem);
  text-align: center;
}


.research-v2-eyebrow,
.publication-v2-eyebrow,
.research-v2-section-kicker {
  color: var(--rp-site-blue);
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}


.research-v2-hero h1,
.publication-v2-hero h1 {
  color: var(--rp-site-blue);
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 6vw, 4.7rem);
  margin: 0.45rem 0 0.7rem;
  text-shadow:
    2px 2px 0 var(--rp-yellow);
}


.research-v2-hero p,
.publication-v2-hero p {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin: 0 auto;
  max-width: 900px;
}


.research-v2-section {
  margin:
    0 auto
    4rem;
}


.research-v2-section-heading {
  margin:
    0 auto
    2rem;

  max-width: 880px;
  text-align: center;
}


.research-v2-section-heading h2,
.research-v2-approaches-heading h2,
.research-v2-publication-cta h2,
.publication-v2-production-heading h2,
.publication-v2-footer-card h2 {
  margin:
    0.3rem 0
    0.65rem;
}


.research-v2-section-heading p,
.research-v2-approaches-heading p,
.research-v2-publication-cta p,
.publication-v2-production-heading p,
.publication-v2-footer-card p {
  line-height: 1.65;
}


/* ==========================================================
   RESEARCH PRODUCTIONS
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-production-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap:
    2rem
    1.5rem;

  grid-template-columns:
    repeat(
      3,
      minmax(0, 1fr)
    );
}


.research-v2-production-module {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-width: 0;
}


/*
 Production label now sits ABOVE the white box.
*/

.research-v2-production-badge,
.publication-v2-production-badge {
  align-self: center;
  background: var(--rp-yellow);

  border:
    3px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    999px;

  box-shadow:
    4px
    4px
    0
    var(--rp-ink);

  color:
    var(--rp-ink);

  font-size:
    0.82rem;

  font-weight:
    900;

  letter-spacing:
    0.07em;

  margin-bottom:
    0.8rem;

  padding:
    0.42rem
    0.95rem;

  text-align:
    center;

  text-transform:
    uppercase;

  width:
    max-content;
}


/*
 Entire Production box is clickable.
*/

.research-v2-production-card {
  align-items: center;

  background:
    var(--rp-white);

  border:
    4px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    24px;

  box-shadow:
    7px
    7px
    0
    var(--rp-gray);

  color:
    var(--rp-ink);

  display:
    flex;

  flex:
    1 1 auto;

  flex-direction:
    column;

  justify-content:
    flex-start;

  min-height:
    100%;

  padding:
    1.55rem
    1.35rem;

  text-align:
    center;

  text-decoration:
    none;

  transition:
    transform 160ms ease,
    box-shadow 160ms ease,
    border-color 160ms ease;
}


.research-v2-production-card:hover,
.research-v2-production-card:focus-visible {
  border-color:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  box-shadow:
    7px
    7px
    0
    var(--rp-yellow);

  color:
    var(--rp-ink);

  outline:
    none;

  transform:
    translateY(-3px);
}


.research-v2-production-card h3 {
  color:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  font-size:
    clamp(
      1.2rem,
      2vw,
      1.55rem
    );

  margin:
    0 0
    0.8rem;

  text-align:
    center;
}


.research-v2-production-card p {
  line-height:
    1.6;

  margin:
    0 0
    0.75rem;

  text-align:
    center;
}


.research-v2-production-link {
  color:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  font-size:
    0.82rem;

  font-weight:
    900;

  letter-spacing:
    0.03em;

  margin-top:
    auto;

  padding-top:
    0.7rem;

  text-transform:
    uppercase;
}


/* ==========================================================
   HORIZONTAL APPROACHES CAROUSEL
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-approaches-section {
  background:
    #f6f9ff;

  border:
    4px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    28px;

  box-shadow:
    8px
    8px
    0
    var(--rp-gray);

  overflow:
    hidden;

  padding:
    clamp(
      1.25rem,
      3vw,
      2rem
    );
}


.research-v2-approaches-heading {
  align-items:
    end;

  display:
    flex;

  gap:
    1.5rem;

  justify-content:
    space-between;

  margin-bottom:
    1.4rem;
}


.research-v2-approaches-heading
> div:first-child {
  max-width:
    780px;
}


.research-v2-scroll-controls {
  display:
    flex;

  flex:
    0 0 auto;

  gap:
    0.55rem;
}


.research-v2-scroll-button {
  align-items:
    center;

  appearance:
    none;

  background:
    var(--rp-yellow);

  border:
    3px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    50%;

  box-shadow:
    3px
    3px
    0
    var(--rp-ink);

  color:
    var(--rp-ink);

  cursor:
    pointer;

  display:
    inline-flex;

  font-size:
    1.35rem;

  font-weight:
    900;

  height:
    48px;

  justify-content:
    center;

  line-height:
    1;

  width:
    48px;
}


.research-v2-scroll-button:hover,
.research-v2-scroll-button:focus-visible {
  background:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  color:
    #ffffff;

  outline:
    none;
}


.research-v2-scroll-button:disabled {
  cursor:
    default;

  opacity:
    0.32;

  transform:
    none;
}


/*
 The cards are laid out in one horizontal row.
*/

.research-v2-approach-track {
  display:
    grid;

  gap:
    1.1rem;

  grid-auto-columns:
    minmax(
      285px,
      31%
    );

  grid-auto-flow:
    column;

  overflow-x:
    auto;

  overscroll-behavior-inline:
    contain;

  padding:
    0.3rem
    0.25rem
    1rem;

  scroll-behavior:
    smooth;

  scroll-snap-type:
    x mandatory;

  scrollbar-color:
    var(--rp-site-blue)
    #dce4f2;

  scrollbar-width:
    thin;
}


.research-v2-approach-track::-webkit-scrollbar {
  height:
    10px;
}


.research-v2-approach-track::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background:
    #dce4f2;

  border-radius:
    999px;
}


.research-v2-approach-track::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  border-radius:
    999px;
}


/*
 Every Approach card is center aligned.
*/

.research-v2-approach-card {
  align-items:
    center;

  background:
    #ffffff;

  border:
    3px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    22px;

  box-shadow:
    6px
    6px
    0
    var(--rp-yellow);

  display:
    flex;

  flex-direction:
    column;

  min-height:
    420px;

  padding:
    1.25rem;

  scroll-snap-align:
    start;

  text-align:
    center;
}


.research-v2-icon-wrap {
  align-items:
    center;

  background:
    #ffffff;

  border:
    2px solid
    #d8e4ef;

  border-radius:
    18px;

  display:
    flex;

  height:
    170px;

  justify-content:
    center;

  margin:
    0 auto
    1rem;

  overflow:
    hidden;

  padding:
    0.55rem;

  width:
    100%;
}


.research-v2-icon-wrap-image {
  padding:
    0.25rem;
}


.research-v2-icon {
  display:
    block;

  height:
    100%;

  max-height:
    150px;

  max-width:
    210px;

  width:
    100%;
}


.research-v2-approach-image {
  display:
    block;

  height:
    100%;

  max-height:
    158px;

  max-width:
    100%;

  object-fit:
    contain;

  width:
    auto;
}


.research-v2-approach-card h3 {
  color:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  font-size:
    1.2rem;

  margin:
    0.15rem
    0
    0.65rem;

  text-align:
    center;
}


.research-v2-approach-card p {
  line-height:
    1.6;

  margin:
    0;

  text-align:
    center;
}


.research-v2-scroll-hint {
  color:
    #5f6c83;

  font-size:
    0.78rem;

  font-weight:
    700;

  margin:
    0.8rem
    0
    0;

  text-align:
    center;
}


/* ==========================================================
   RESEARCH → PUBLICATIONS CTA
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-publication-cta,
.publication-v2-footer-card {
  align-items:
    center;

  background:
    linear-gradient(
      135deg,
      #ebf3fe,
      #ffffff
    );

  border:
    4px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    24px;

  box-shadow:
    7px
    7px
    0
    var(--rp-yellow);

  display:
    flex;

  gap:
    2rem;

  justify-content:
    space-between;

  margin:
    3rem auto
    1rem;

  padding:
    clamp(
      1.25rem,
      3vw,
      2rem
    );
}


.research-v2-publication-cta
> div,
.publication-v2-footer-card
> div {
  max-width:
    780px;
}


.research-v2-publication-cta p,
.publication-v2-footer-card p {
  margin-bottom:
    0;
}


.research-v2-primary-button,
.publication-v2-primary-button,
.publication-v2-back-link {
  background:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  border:
    3px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    999px;

  box-shadow:
    4px
    4px
    0
    var(--rp-yellow);

  color:
    #ffffff;

  display:
    inline-block;

  flex:
    0 0 auto;

  font-weight:
    900;

  padding:
    0.7rem
    1rem;

  text-decoration:
    none;

  text-transform:
    uppercase;
}


.research-v2-primary-button:hover,
.research-v2-primary-button:focus-visible,
.publication-v2-primary-button:hover,
.publication-v2-primary-button:focus-visible,
.publication-v2-back-link:hover,
.publication-v2-back-link:focus-visible {
  background:
    var(--rp-yellow);

  color:
    var(--rp-ink);

  outline:
    none;
}


/* ==========================================================
   PUBLICATIONS PAGE
   ========================================================== */

.publication-v2-hero {
  background:
    radial-gradient(
      circle at 10% 15%,
      rgba(253, 228, 1, 0.48) 0 8%,
      transparent 8.4%
    ),
    linear-gradient(
      135deg,
      #eef6ff,
      #ffffff
    );

  border:
    5px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    30px;

  box-shadow:
    9px
    9px
    0
    var(--rp-gray);

  margin-bottom:
    2rem;

  padding:
    clamp(
      1.8rem,
      4vw,
      3rem
    );

  text-align:
    center;
}


.publication-v2-back-link {
  margin-top:
    1.25rem;
}


/* Category shortcuts at top of Publications */

.publication-v2-jump-nav {
  display:
    grid;

  gap:
    0.65rem;

  grid-template-columns:
    repeat(
      3,
      minmax(0, 1fr)
    );

  margin:
    0 auto
    3rem;
}


.publication-v2-jump-nav a {
  background:
    #ffffff;

  border:
    3px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    16px;

  box-shadow:
    4px
    4px
    0
    var(--rp-gray);

  color:
    var(--rp-ink);

  font-size:
    0.77rem;

  font-weight:
    800;

  line-height:
    1.35;

  padding:
    0.75rem
    0.8rem;

  text-align:
    center;

  text-decoration:
    none;

  text-transform:
    uppercase;
}


.publication-v2-jump-nav a strong {
  color:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  display:
    inline-block;

  font-size:
    0.86rem;

  margin-top:
    0.12rem;
}


.publication-v2-jump-nav a:hover,
.publication-v2-jump-nav a:focus-visible {
  background:
    var(--rp-yellow);

  box-shadow:
    4px
    4px
    0
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  outline:
    none;
}


/* Individual Production sections */

.publication-v2-production {
  margin:
    0 auto
    4rem;

  scroll-margin-top:
    110px;
}


.publication-v2-production-badge {
  margin-left:
    auto;

  margin-right:
    auto;
}


.publication-v2-production-heading {
  margin:
    0 auto
    1.6rem;

  max-width:
    850px;

  text-align:
    center;
}


.publication-v2-production-heading h2 {
  color:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  font-size:
    clamp(
      1.7rem,
      3vw,
      2.35rem
    );

  text-align:
    center;
}


.publication-v2-production-heading p {
  margin-left:
    auto;

  margin-right:
    auto;

  max-width:
    780px;

  text-align:
    center;
}


/* Publication cards */

.publication-v2-grid {
  display:
    grid;

  gap:
    1.15rem;

  grid-template-columns:
    repeat(
      2,
      minmax(0, 1fr)
    );
}


.publication-v2-card {
  background:
    #ffffff;

  border:
    3px solid
    var(--rp-ink);

  border-radius:
    20px;

  box-shadow:
    6px
    6px
    0
    var(--rp-gray);

  display:
    flex;

  flex-direction:
    column;

  min-width:
    0;

  padding:
    1.2rem
    1.2rem
    1.1rem;
}


.publication-v2-card-featured {
  box-shadow:
    6px
    6px
    0
    var(--rp-yellow);
}


.publication-v2-type {
  align-self:
    flex-start;

  background:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  border-radius:
    999px;

  color:
    #ffffff;

  font-size:
    0.65rem;

  font-weight:
    900;

  letter-spacing:
    0.07em;

  margin-bottom:
    0.65rem;

  padding:
    0.3rem
    0.55rem;

  text-transform:
    uppercase;
}


.publication-v2-type-review {
  background:
    var(--rp-blue);
}


.publication-v2-type-preprint {
  background:
    #b33e88;
}


.publication-v2-type-method {
  background:
    #427c2b;
}


.publication-v2-card h3 {
  color:
    var(--rp-ink);

  font-size:
    1.05rem;

  line-height:
    1.38;

  margin:
    0 0
    0.65rem;
}


.publication-v2-authors {
  color:
    #3d4659;

  font-size:
    0.87rem;

  line-height:
    1.45;

  margin:
    0 0
    0.45rem;
}


.publication-v2-journal {
  color:
    #68758e;

  font-size:
    0.8rem;

  font-weight:
    800;

  margin:
    0 0
    0.85rem;
}


.publication-v2-card > a {
  color:
    var(--rp-site-blue);

  font-size:
    0.82rem;

  font-weight:
    900;

  margin-top:
    auto;

  overflow-wrap:
    anywhere;

  text-decoration:
    none;
}


.publication-v2-card > a:hover,
.publication-v2-card > a:focus-visible {
  color:
    var(--rp-blue);

  text-decoration:
    underline;
}


/* ==========================================================
   RESPONSIVE DESIGN
   ========================================================== */

@media (max-width: 980px) {

  .research-v2-production-grid {
    grid-template-columns:
      repeat(
        2,
        minmax(0, 1fr)
      );
  }


  .research-v2-approach-track {
    grid-auto-columns:
      minmax(
        280px,
        44%
      );
  }

}


@media (max-width: 760px) {

  .research-v2-approaches-heading,
  .research-v2-publication-cta,
  .publication-v2-footer-card {
    align-items:
      stretch;

    flex-direction:
      column;
  }


  .research-v2-scroll-controls {
    align-self:
      center;
  }


  .research-v2-approach-track {
    grid-auto-columns:
      minmax(
        270px,
        78%
      );
  }


  .publication-v2-jump-nav {
    grid-template-columns:
      repeat(
        2,
        minmax(0, 1fr)
      );
  }


  .publication-v2-grid {
    grid-template-columns:
      1fr;
  }


  .research-v2-primary-button,
  .publication-v2-primary-button {
    align-self:
      center;
  }

}


@media (max-width: 560px) {

  .research-v2-production-grid {
    grid-template-columns:
      1fr;
  }


  .research-v2-approach-track {
    grid-auto-columns:
      88%;
  }


  .publication-v2-jump-nav {
    grid-template-columns:
      1fr;
  }


  .research-v2-hero,
  .publication-v2-hero {
    border-radius:
      22px;

    padding:
      1.4rem
      1rem;
  }

}


@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {

  .research-v2-production-card,
  .research-v2-approach-track,
  .research-v2-scroll-button,
  .publication-v2-jump-nav a {
    scroll-behavior:
      auto;

    transition:
      none;
  }

}
/* ==========================================================
   RESEARCH PAGE REFINEMENTS — SEPTEMBER 2026

   This block should remain at the VERY BOTTOM of style.css
   so these rules override the earlier Research V2 rules.
   ========================================================== */


/* ==========================================================
   1. HERO — ENLARGE "PIGANELLI LABORATORY"
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-hero .research-v2-eyebrow {
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  font-weight: 900;
}


/* ==========================================================
   2. PRODUCTION SECTION
   Remove redundant heading spacing and prevent rows from
   overlapping.
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-production-intro {
  margin: 0 auto 2rem;
  max-width: 760px;
  text-align: center;
}

.research-v2-production-intro p {
  margin: 0;
}


/*
 Use a larger vertical row gap.

 This specifically prevents the Production IV, V and VI
 yellow badges from touching or overlapping the first-row
 Production cards.
*/

.research-v2-production-grid {
  align-items: stretch;

  column-gap: 1.5rem;

  display: grid;

  grid-template-columns:
    repeat(
      3,
      minmax(0, 1fr)
    );

  row-gap: 3.75rem;
}


/*
 Each badge + card is treated as one complete grid item.
*/

.research-v2-production-module {
  align-items: stretch;

  display: flex;

  flex-direction: column;

  height: 100%;

  min-width: 0;

  position: relative;

  isolation: isolate;
}


/*
 Make sure the yellow badge never uses a negative offset
 inherited from any older Production styles.
*/

.research-v2-production-badge {
  align-self: center;

  margin:
    0
    auto
    0.9rem;

  position: relative;

  top: auto;

  transform: none;

  z-index: 2;
}


/*
 Keep each white Production box below its own badge.
*/

.research-v2-production-card {
  flex: 1 1 auto;

  height: auto;

  margin: 0;

  min-height: 100%;

  position: relative;

  top: auto;

  transform: none;

  z-index: 1;
}


/*
 Preserve hover movement without affecting normal placement.
*/

.research-v2-production-card:hover,
.research-v2-production-card:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}


/* ==========================================================
   3. APPROACHES HEADING
   Center both lines.
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-approaches-heading {
  align-items: center;

  display: flex;

  flex-direction: column;

  gap: 0.25rem;

  justify-content: center;

  margin:
    0 auto
    1.5rem;

  text-align: center;
}


.research-v2-approaches-heading
.research-v2-section-kicker {
  display: block;

  margin: 0 auto;

  text-align: center;
}


.research-v2-approaches-heading h2 {
  margin:
    0.25rem
    auto
    0;

  text-align: center;
}


/* ==========================================================
   4. HORIZONTAL APPROACH CARDS
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-approach-track {
  display: grid;

  gap: 1.1rem;

  grid-auto-columns:
    minmax(
      285px,
      31%
    );

  grid-auto-flow: column;

  overflow-x: auto;

  overflow-y: hidden;

  padding:
    0.3rem
    0.25rem
    0.45rem;

  scroll-behavior: smooth;

  scroll-snap-type:
    x mandatory;

  /*
   Firefox:
   hide the blue scrollbar while preserving scrolling.
  */

  scrollbar-width: none;

  /*
   Prevent the horizontal cards from making the page
   itself wider than the browser.
  */

  max-width: 100%;
}


/*
 Chrome / Edge / Safari:
 hide the scrollbar completely.
*/

.research-v2-approach-track::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;

  height: 0;

  width: 0;
}


/* ==========================================================
   5. APPROACH CARDS + NEW PNG ICONS
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-approach-card {
  align-items: center;

  background: #ffffff;

  border: 3px solid #111111;

  border-radius: 22px;

  box-shadow:
    6px
    6px
    0
    #fde401;

  display: flex;

  flex-direction: column;

  justify-content: flex-start;

  min-height: 420px;

  padding: 1.25rem;

  scroll-snap-align: start;

  text-align: center;
}


/*
 All image areas get exactly the same dimensions,
 regardless of the source PNG dimensions.
*/

.research-v2-icon-wrap {
  align-items: center;

  background: #ffffff;

  border: 2px solid #d8e4ef;

  border-radius: 18px;

  display: flex;

  flex: 0 0 175px;

  height: 175px;

  justify-content: center;

  margin:
    0 auto
    1rem;

  overflow: hidden;

  padding: 0.55rem;

  width: 100%;
}


/*
 Every uploaded PNG is centered and contained instead of
 stretched or cropped.
*/

.research-v2-approach-image {
  display: block;

  height: 150px;

  margin: auto;

  max-height: 150px;

  max-width: 94%;

  object-fit: contain;

  object-position: center;

  width: auto;
}


.research-v2-approach-card h3 {
  color: #517ef4;

  font-size: 1.2rem;

  line-height: 1.25;

  margin:
    0.15rem
    auto
    0.65rem;

  min-height: 2.5em;

  text-align: center;

  width: 100%;
}


.research-v2-approach-card p {
  line-height: 1.6;

  margin:
    0
    auto;

  text-align: center;

  width: 100%;
}


/* ==========================================================
   6. YELLOW SCROLL ARROWS — NOW BELOW THE CARDS
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-scroll-controls-bottom {
  align-items: center;

  display: flex;

  gap: 0.75rem;

  justify-content: center;

  margin:
    1.25rem
    auto
    0.15rem;

  width: 100%;
}


.research-v2-scroll-controls-bottom
.research-v2-scroll-button {
  align-items: center;

  appearance: none;

  background: #fde401;

  border: 3px solid #111111;

  border-radius: 50%;

  box-shadow:
    3px
    3px
    0
    #111111;

  color: #111111;

  cursor: pointer;

  display: inline-flex;

  font-size: 1.4rem;

  font-weight: 900;

  height: 50px;

  justify-content: center;

  line-height: 1;

  padding: 0;

  width: 50px;
}


.research-v2-scroll-controls-bottom
.research-v2-scroll-button:hover,
.research-v2-scroll-controls-bottom
.research-v2-scroll-button:focus-visible {
  background: #517ef4;

  color: #ffffff;

  outline: none;

  transform: translateY(-2px);
}


.research-v2-scroll-controls-bottom
.research-v2-scroll-button:disabled {
  cursor: default;

  opacity: 0.28;

  transform: none;
}


/* ==========================================================
   7. PUBLICATION CTA
   Remove old paragraph spacing since that sentence is gone.
   ========================================================== */

.research-v2-publication-cta {
  align-items: center;
}


.research-v2-publication-cta > div {
  max-width: 760px;
}


.research-v2-publication-cta h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}


/* ==========================================================
   RESPONSIVE FIXES
   ========================================================== */

@media (max-width: 980px) {

  .research-v2-production-grid {
    grid-template-columns:
      repeat(
        2,
        minmax(0, 1fr)
      );

    row-gap: 3.5rem;
  }


  .research-v2-approach-track {
    grid-auto-columns:
      minmax(
        280px,
        44%
      );
  }

}


@media (max-width: 760px) {

  .research-v2-approach-track {
    grid-auto-columns:
      minmax(
        270px,
        78%
      );
  }


  .research-v2-approach-card {
    min-height: 400px;
  }


  .research-v2-publication-cta {
    align-items: center;

    flex-direction: column;

    text-align: center;
  }

}


@media (max-width: 560px) {

  .research-v2-production-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;

    row-gap: 3rem;
  }


  .research-v2-approach-track {
    grid-auto-columns: 88%;
  }


  .research-v2-hero
  .research-v2-eyebrow {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }

}


@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {

  .research-v2-approach-track,
  .research-v2-scroll-button,
  .research-v2-production-card {
    scroll-behavior: auto;

    transition: none;
  }

}